Gender Roles Seen in Toys

Gender Roles and Toys By Shawna Robb English 101 Professor Solomon One room has pretty pink wallpaper with a princess border; the other is blue with monster trucks on one-wall and sports pictures on another. It is not hard to tell which room is female and which room is male. Male and female are used in this instance to define genders. Gender, unlike sex, is a universal guideline upon which individuals are placed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, and activities that a particular society considers appropriate for men and women. When the pressure of gender stereotypes is open to debate some say there are prenatal influences that are gender based. What is obvious is that gender plays a significant role when it comes to the toys people select for their children and the way that toy companies market them. â€Å"Toys-R-Us† is a United States based toy company who has been taken to task for marketing designs that reflect or promote gender specific toys. It is wrong that toy stores, like â€Å"Toy’s-R-Us†, clearly divides the toys by gender in stores and in toy advertisements because it teaches children how they are supposed to be in order to be accepted by society, promotes aggressive behavior for males and a passive attitude for females. Stereotypical boy toys are things like action figures and toy cars. These are both active and aggressive, which is â€Å"masculine† representing how men are supposed to be in society. Girl’s toys are often dolls, dress up, and toys that mimic household duties. That is stereotypical because its saying girls are passive, not active. It is setting standards that girls belong in the home for their future while boys get doctor kits or chemistry sets that give them higher goals. Introducing children to these gender role ideas this early is shaping them for the rest of their lives. The world’s leading fast food franchise has an interest in the gender of its young customers. At McDonalds a very popular child’s meal is the happy meal. When a Happy Meal is ordered the worker always asks if the child is a boy or a girl. This lets the worker know what type of toy to put in with the meal. The McDonalds worker could ask if the customer wants a hot wheels or a mini Barbie but instead they learn the gender of the customer and stereotypically provide the toy. Toy stores separate their store by toys for girls and toys for boys. The girl isle has stereotypical girl colors like pink, purple, and yellow. All of these colors are light when the boy’s section has colors like red, blue’s, black, brown and green. All of the boy’s colors are darker and less â€Å"pretty†. Just from that quick look down the isle one can notice which is for girls versus boys. The dark colors are less southing and action oriented. The girl colors, are lighter making them much more calm and subdued. This same pattern can be seen in advertisements on television. Female directed commercials are light colors, with softer music usually having lyrics that explain the toy and giving passive examples for what can be done with the toy. Boy’s commercials however have the message that they are going to go out and do something active with the toy. The music for masculine toys is generally uplifting and motivating, which makes a boy excited to play with the toy. Commercials cannot be avoided and they reach almost all boys and girls on a day-to-day basis. One interesting area in looking at the influences of toys and gender is the advertising of toys relative to levels of aggression. The television airwaves are filled with toy advertising. Is there a relationship between this advertising and levels of violence, does this relationship show a gender bias? For example a parent might wonder if the purchase of â€Å"boy oriented† toys for their child might increase the child’s risk for becoming violent. The parent might also wonder if merely watching the advertisements themselves increase children’s risk for becoming violent. In 2001 Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell offered the observation that the use of commercials to sell children’s toy products could have a socialization impact on children similar to that of television programming. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory says, â€Å"human behavior is transmitted, whether deliberately or inadvertently, largely through exposure to social models†(Bandura 1). When a child thinks that a behavior will be punished versus rewarded but instead is not even acknowledged they will perceive it as a reward. Children usually continue rewarded behavior to receive more praise. Television is seen as a â€Å"super tutor† to Bandura, the child will model what they see on television, not knowing if it is good or bad. For those children whose parents are not good role models, the television becomes the behavioral role model. If violence and aggression is viewed on the television, it is more likely that children will engage in violent and aggressive behavior. While television can model appropriate behavior, there is a well-documented tendency for violence and aggression. Advertisements are difficult to avoid since they are interwoven in shows and they tend to emphasize violent and aggressive behavior (Kilinger 13). In the study by Kilinger, Hamilton and Cantrell they observed â€Å"children’s perceptions of aggressive content, stereotypic sex-role behavior, and appropriateness of television toy commercials†(Kilinger, 11). The results of the study support the notion that there is a gender bias in terms of aggressive content and consequently aggression potential. The results did show that toys and the advertisements for them aimed toward boys were more aggressive than that of the toys that are gender neutral or aimed toward girls. The commercials shown were clearly sex role stereotyped. This is consistent with other research that has supported the idea that boys are more socialized toward aggression. Boys may be more desensitized to aggression as a result of gender stereotyped toy commercials as well as their toy selections in the past. Again, this is a reason for concern since commercials are unavoidable while watching television. While the promotion of aggression is certainly an adequate reason to exercise great care when it comes to toy and gender, it is not the only reason. Parents do support gender bias toys from the time the child is born. More often than not, a boy will receive toys that are focused towards boys and girls will receive stereotypical girl toys. The children do not go out and buy this themselves; their parents will pick out their toys until the child is already taught what they should like. Parent’s will find out they are having a boy or a girl then base everything around that detail, like the room color example, children and baby clothes are also gender biased as well as their toys. When the girl is playing with girl toys she will be rewarded for the â€Å"right† interests, as would a boy playing with a boy toy. They will then continue this behavior to get their parent’s approval. If a father see’s their son playing with a Barbie doll or asking to be a princess, their father might redirect them saying those are girl things urging them to play with a male biased toy. One thing Social Learning Theory has assumed is that reinforcement and punishment is the means by which parents socialize children. The study named â€Å"Parental Socialization of Young Children’s Play†, done by Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack, observed the parent’s involvement with enforcing gender stereotypes. This study found that parents do reward their children for same-sex toy play. It is not only the toy companies that enforce gender roles in toys; the people raising the child are also responsible for teaching stereotypical thinking. The idea that cross-sexed interests are wrong does come from society and children start learning this from the time they are born. (Eisenberg, Wolchik, Hernandez and Pasternack 1506). A thirteen-year-old Swedish boy, Hannes Psajd, spoke out about the gender focused toys in â€Å"Toys-R-Us†. Hannes said that the 2008 â€Å"Toys-R-Us† Christmas Catalog showed boys playing with different toys than girls do. The boy said that he and his sister always play with the same toys and there is nothing wrong with that. Psajd said that it sends the wrong message to girls, since they are playing with only passive toys. Hannes stated â€Å"boys want to be princesses sometimes†(Landes 1), demonstrating that this store does not only discriminate against girls. When the claim was looked into by a regulatory committee they stated that, â€Å"Toys-R-Us discriminates based on gender and counteracts positive social behavior, lifestyles, and attitudes†(1). This shows that children do recognize this problem if it is brought to their attention. The problem of toys defining gender roles does not completely rest  rest with â€Å"Toys-R-Us† but is a societal problem. Society has created the gender roles we now have and these roles are often strict. While it will take time to make fundamental changes in gender bias a starting point could be the creation of more gender-neutral toys. These toys would have to find their way into homes and that could be a function of the advertising that is currently part of the problem. Parents need to be educated to nurture more flexible gender roles and allow children to explore their interests, even if this interest violates stereotypical norms. Boys and girls should have equal opportunity to play with a doll or a monster truck. Children are taught gender roles from the time they are born, toys are one way that this is taught to them. In a toy store like â€Å"Toys-R-Us†, it is clear to see which isle is for boys and which one is for girls. The colors and stereotypical gender bias toys show the clear division in the store between feminine versus masculine toys. Television advertisements depict females as being passive while they promote aggressive behavior for males, this can lead to boys acting violently in the future. Parents sometimes scold children who play with cross-sex toys, which will teach the child not to repeat this behavior. Gender roles teach a child what they are supposed to be, feminine or masculine, and toys to play a part in enforcing these gender stereotypes. Works Cited Bandura, Albert. â€Å"Psychological Modeling: Conflicting Theories†. Chicago: Aldine Atherton, 1971. Print. Eisenberg, Nancy, Walchik, Sharlene A. Hernandez, Robert, Pasternack, Jeannette F. â€Å"Parental Socialization of Young Children's Play: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study. † Child Development 56. 6 (1985): 1506-13. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Klinger, Lori J. , James A. Hamilton, Cantrell, Peggy J. â€Å"Children's Perceptions of Aggressive and Gender-Specific Content in Toy Commercials. † Social Behavior and Personality 29. 1 (2001): 11-20. PsycINFO. EBSCO. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. Landes, David. â€Å"Toys‘R’Us Scolded for Gender Discrimination. † The Local: Sweden’s News in English. 6 October 2009. Print.

Sufficiently demonstrated this through my actions

I would like to state that I am executing this letter to manifest to the creditors and financial institutions concerned that I am an individual of good credit standing and that I am qualified and eligible for the Housing Loan that I am applying for.I am well aware of the fact that recent events may lead some to believe that there may be some concerns with regard to my credit worthiness.   I would like to personally assure the concerned parties that there is no need for such.   In order to assuage the fears of my creditors, I feel that it is best to provide a clear explanation of the events that have recently transpired.The events in question all began in 2003 when I filed for bankruptcy.   This was because I was going through a difficult time in my life as I was supporting my ex-husband and had a number of marital issues to deal with.   I had applied for three (3) credit cards that same time and was given approval for all of them.   Unfortunately, I was not able to settle m y outstanding balance because I was forced to relocate from Colorado to Georgia due to grave threats that my ex-husband had issued.I understand these events do not excuse nor exempt me from any financial liability or obligation that I have with the financial institutions concerned.   In my defense, I would like to make mention of the fact that despite these events and circumstances I have gotten in contact with all my previous creditors and have apprised them of my previous situation.   After my discussion with these companies, I was able to resolve the problems.   Soon after that I was also able to secure a stable job and have really improved my financial standing.I am a person of principle and one of those principles is in settling my debts to others.   I do not only proudly say this but also feel that I have sufficiently demonstrated this through my actions.   I am confident of my financial position at this time and feel that my credit worthiness is not a matter that my self or anyone else for that matter should be concerned about.

Friends of Youth and Lakeside Milam Recovery Centers Essay

Summary My internship, Friends of Youth, is closely connected with Lakeside Milam Recovery Centers and I therefore decided that would be a great place to learn more about incase I needed to refer any of my clients to them. In order to gain more information about Lakeside Milam I spoke with the administrator, Dan Labuda and the director of the inpatient facility in Burien, Mary Fredrickson. Dan provided me information about Lakeside Milam as a whole, while Mary gave me an intake look at inpatient treatment and gave me a tour of Lakeside Milam. The first thing I realized during my tour was that I was really uncomfortable. Mary explained that the inpatient facility we were touring which houses male and female adolescents and young women was†¦show more content†¦Fisher and Harrison (2009), explain that inpatient treatment is positive for social interactions and decreased isolation. When touring the facility the patients were spending time together showing decreased isolation between them. The patients frequently have outings to activities such as a ropes course or attending community AA or NA meetings. Lakeside Milam has 24 hour care for its patients which make it less likely that the patients will use a substance while in treatment (Fisher Harrison, 2009). Under the least restrictive environment the patients have the right to walk out the door of the facility at any time, the doors and windows remain unlocked from the inside. According to Fisher and Harrison (2009), a least restrictive environment can have positive results. â€Å"Clients should be placed in the treatment setting that offers the least amount of restriction, with the highest probability of success† (Fisher Harrison, p. 147). My automatic reaction when Mary told me that the patients were in a least restrictive setting was that I did not understand how that could work because I assumed the patients would leave. Though inpatient treatment has many benefits, there is a risk that the patient will relapse once back in the community because they were not prepared to face the real world (Fisher Harrison, 2009). Treatment Approach Not only is it important to look at a drug and alcohol facilities treatment setting, but

Descriptive, Historical, Correctional, and Experimental Research Essay

Essays on Descriptive, Historical, Correctional, and Experimental Research Methods Essay The paper "Descriptive, Historical, Correctional, and Experimental Research Methods" is an outstanding example of an essay on statistics.Descriptive ResearchThis method of research explains what already exists in a group by describing categories of qualitative information or may involve collecting quantitative information. Descriptive research uses â€Å"what is† approach and it intensely involves the use of description as a device in organizing data into patterns emerging during analysis and usually uses diagrams such as charts to help the reader. This type of research can cover a wide geographical area. Descriptive research method may be successfully used to identify the relationship between two variables, revealing summary statistics and always help in recognizing alteration needed (Richey Klein 40-44).Historical Research MethodThis kind of research helps in the logical recall of complex events, people, significance and thoughts of the earlier period that have changed the current and it relies on numerous sources that involve both primary and secondary sources. It primarily relies on the analysis and interpretation of the historical information from chosen sources depending on the topic to be researched upon. This research method facilitates decision making and policy formulation whilst justifying the reason behind the current situation status and predicting future trends based on past ideas. It basically deals with past natural settings whilst its interpretation concentrates on the past research processes and requires very elaborate sensitivity to the related data. Historical research needs sources with first-hand information of the events, ideas or any other data that have the true details or original records about the event that the study is based on (Connaway Powell 246).Correctional Research MethodThis is one of the easiest research methods where a researcher assumes that there is a relationship between two variables and further tests for the s tatistical relationship between the two variables unlike descriptive research which only explains what is taking place, correlation research tends to explain the link between the different variables. Correlation research simply tries to assume that at least the two variables are related. Correlation research variables may take either the same direction which is referred to as positive correlation or opposite direction that is statistically referred to as negative correlation and no correlation which suggests that there is absolutely no relationship between two variables under study. Researchers usually use a number that ranges from -1 to +1 which is called correlation coefficient in measuring the strength of a correlation where any variable with a correlation above zero then it is called positive correlation (like +.34) while any correlation below zero (like-.87) is a negative correlation. However, it is important to note that correlation research does not imply causation but it is a means of looking for statistical relationships between variables when it is impossible to carry out testing (Burke Christensen 44).Experimental Research MethodAll the other research methods do not have control over the situations hence making this kind of research the best amongst all. This method of research is geared towards proving a general principle that tends to explain various facts’ relationships by accurately defining the variables in the theory for testability purposes. Experimental Methods have two types of variables known as Independent variable that is manipulated by the experimenter and the dependent variable which refers to the outcome of the variable also known as the results of the experiment. This kind of research is aimed at predicting phenomenon and helps in explaining the kind of some causation (Kothari 120).

Why Everybody Is Mistaken Regarding In Class Essay Topics

Why Everybody Is Mistaken Regarding In Class Essay Topics Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tough to discover. Inside my experience, descriptive essays are only difficult in regards to deciding just what things to write about. Writing about nuclear weapons is always a superb idea. Our crew of professional writers with the required experience and writing skills is always prepared to fulfill your demands and exceed your expectations. When you have the topic, answer the question and after that support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. So be sure you select a subject, which has values in it. Your research topic isn't stated professionally say you're investigating the connection between A and B. There are a few great topics to take into consideration when picking a topic for your argumentative essay. While the notion of skipping on a few topics and categories can seem like a great idea once it comes to a massive essay, it certainly does not make for good reading. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's essential to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the special area of study. There are a couple of main things you want to learn about before you even begin picking social issues essay topics. Still, figuring out the very best topic for your essay isn't your only concern for a student. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About in Class Essay Topics Is Wrong There's no need in making a determination, which health problem or phenomena is more urgent at this time or what's left in the shadows and has to be enlightened at least in your essay. Preferably, it ought to be something that you're an expert in. Still, it's far better to get a freedom of choice as far as you're able to select the issue which interests you. The subject is goin g to be defined by a wide area, and it's important to experience the region for identifying the several important elements which make up what it is. Categories, essay topics could possibly be divided into. Having selected an excellent topic to argue about, at this point you will need to make an argumentative essay outline. To locate argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you want to comprehend about the argumentative essay. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure you do your homework on what the present laws about your favorite topic actually say. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. Naturally, you should get started writing. Consider a book that you've read and really enjoyed. Researching the topic permits you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. 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Luckily, you have our top-class group of writers who can assist students and teach them how to decide on the most suitable essay direction. Obviously, giving an excellent persuasive speech requires more than simply selecting a fantastic topic. Every story began with the phrase Once upon a moment. When you're picking your topic, remember that it's much simpler to write about something which you currently have interest ineven in case you don't know a good deal about it. You're building an image of a social issue, and you will need to bring up every potential side of the story. The Secret to in Class Essay Topics Selecting a simple topic may prove to be an incorrect track since you may have difficulties finding credible source s to support your views. Thus, it's important to read corresponding formatting guide. With the aid of our tips for writing and our interesting collection of topics, you're guaranteed to have a high grade! You may use many examples which can be found on the world wide web free of charge. If you select any of the critical thinking essay samples, you will observe the necessary structure. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. You're not likely to have the ability to compose a successful essay with no practice or preparation. On the surface of it, the classification essay may look like an easy concept as it's only meant to help make a concept easily understandable to the reader.

Athletic Training Essay Sample free essay sample

For most occupations. athletic trainers need a bachelor’s grade in athletic preparation from an commissioned college or university ; nevertheless. master’s grades are besides common. The Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education ( CAATE ) accredits most plans. All plans have both schoolroom and clinical constituents. Courses include scientific discipline and health-related classs. such as anatomy. physiology. nutrition. and biomechanics. Athletic trainers may necessitate a higher grade to be eligible for some places. particularly trainers in colleges and universities. or to increase their advancement chances. High school pupils interested in athletic trainer plans should take classs in anatomy. physiology. and natural philosophies. About all provinces require athletic trainers to be certified. The independent Board of Certification. Inc. ( BOC ) offers the standard enfranchisement scrutiny that most provinces use for licensure. Certification requires fi nishing the BOC test. adhering to the BOC Standards of Practice and Disciplinary Process. and taking go oning instruction classs. We will write a custom essay sample on Athletic Training Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Athletic trainers must graduate from a CAATE-accredited plan before taking the BOC test. Athletic trainers specialize in forestalling. naming. and handling musculus and bone hurts and unwellnesss. They work with people of all ages and all accomplishment degrees. from immature kids to soldiers and professional jocks. They work under the way of a doctor. every bit good as other health care suppliers. Athletic trainers are normally one of the first health care suppliers on the scene when hurts occur. Athletic trainers work under the way of a accredited doctor and with other health care suppliers. They frequently discuss specific hurts and intervention options or measure and handle patients as directed by a doctor. Some athletic trainers meet with a squad doctor or confer withing physician on a regular basis. An athletic trainer’s administrative duties may include regular meetings with an athletic manager or other administrative officer to cover with budgets. buying. policy execution. and other business-related issues. The average one-year pay of athletic trainers was $ 41. 600 in May 2010. The average pay is the pay at which half the workers in an business earned more than that sum and half earned less. The lowest 10 per centum earned less than $ 25. 750. and the top 10 per centum earned more than $ 64. 390. Because some work with squads during featuring events. they might be required to work eventides or weekends and travel frequently.

Presentation of the Gothic Male Protagonist Essay Example

Presentation of the Gothic Male Protagonist Essay To what extent does the characterization of Heathenish exemplify gothic elements? Emily Bronzes Withering Heights is not necessarily described as a gothic novel; however it certainly exhibits many gothic elements throughout its narrative. These are present through the characterization of Heathenish as the gothic protagonist as he often exemplifies numerous characteristics of the male gothic archetype. This can be seen through the exploration of binary oppositions within his character, such as his simultaneous representation as both victim and Machiavellian villain. This duality of character can be likened to the protagonist In The Strange Case of Dry Jewell and My Hyde, in which an alternate persona is created in order to fulfill Dry Jellys evil desires. Although Heathenish does not create a defined alternate personality, his drastic inner contradictions are reminiscent of Dry Jellys, shown through his capable for intense love towards Catherine, and simultaneous tyrannical treatment of Isabella. Another prevalent gothic aspect which Is significant to the characterization of Heathenish Is his current associations with bestial and preternatural Influences. Josephs assertion that weve all as summate uh rather side in us, introduces the idea of being connection with bestial or non-human influences, a recurrent theme in the characterization of male protagonists within gothic literature. His appearance is a physical manifestation of his separation from the Earns family, aligning his with the other, describing him as a dark skinned gypsy emphasizes his unknown parentage, marking him as an outsider. We will write a custom essay sample on Presentation of the Gothic Male Protagonist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Presentation of the Gothic Male Protagonist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Presentation of the Gothic Male Protagonist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Likewise the degrading term gypsy presents the Idea of being underbred, meanwhile his foreign appearance draws upon his connection with the exotic. Recurrent descriptions of him being dark creates ambiguity of whether this is a reference to his race or his nature, heightening the enigma surrounding Heathenish. Its so dark almost as if it came from the devil, through labeling him as it, the lack of nominal attribution disables him from ever truly being Integrated into the Earns family. Satanic connotations draw upon the gothic theme of the supernatural and connect him to these evil Influences, acting as warning of his potentially destructive powers. Shelter associations of his characterization are once again highlighted through the description of his basilisk eyes, suggesting bestial and mythical connections. This constructs Heathenish as being in possession of considerable powers, whilst the annalistic qualities depict a degree of other-worldliness. His continual connection with alternative influences further divides him from the Awareness: A lying fiend, a monster, and not a human being! This demonstration of Heathenish places him In a lamina sphere between human ND inhuman while monster reinforces his brutality, distancing him from empathy or humanity, reminding us of his status as other. Claire Jones stated Heathenish has only the singular name, which serves him as both Christian and surname. This places him radically outside social patterns and conventions. The implantation of the protagonist lends his character to the constant alignment with the enigmatic and unconventionality rather than being accepted by the Awareness: subsequently being An archetype of the gothic male is the possession of considerable powers to create n imposing stance; as stated by David Punter they often stalk the pages of the novel, adding to the subtle terror present within gothic literature. Throughout the narrative the striking physical appearance of Heathenish is communicated to the reader, an aspect constructed through his dominance. Even after death the protagonist holds a power over the remaining characters. Through using a dash close his eyes - Bronze creates a fragmented, breathless tone and we adopt Kneels fearful nature as we are forced to pause and reflect on Heathenishly threatening presence. Likewise as a consequence of her feeble attempts l tried, her fears are projected onto the reader as we adopt her perspective throughout due to her dominance in relaying the narrative. Her tentative nature If possible reinforces his striking physicality as Newly appears to be confronting a considerable force, this notion is emphasizes through continual reference to his life-like gaze which denotes a threatening presence. Meanwhile her doubtful tone is indicative of his ability to transcend the boundary between life and death as her contains passions which Anton be constrained in death. The preternatural nature of Heathenish is communicated through his physical description they would not shut. Through the use of his eyes as the focal point, a satanic, defiant power is suggested while his sharp, white teeth convey his tyrannical behavior through the annalistic connection. This can also be likened to a vampire descriptions which is reminiscent of Count Drachma from Stokers Drachma, thus creating a threatening tone through the linking of both protagonists as it suggests reverent behavior. Heathenishly physical ability is communicated a blow form Heathenish is significant as it is demonstrative of the ease with which he can inflict harm in a single blow. Binary oppositions are often utilized as a vehicle for portraying Heathenishly duality of character, a collective trait within gothic protagonists. A recurrent aspect of his characterization is the representation of him to the reader as both victim and villain. The description of his lip of devoid of their ferocious sneer exemplifies his manipulative nature and constructs his capability for savagery as constant and a defining trait within his harasser. As he is devoid of this malicious gaze, we glimpse a rare of his inner vulnerability. This is reiterated through his unspeakable sadness which outlines the contradictions which occur within the characterization of Heathenish. Despite this, we are unable to ever truly sympathies with the protagonist as any helplessness we are shown the stray sheep us immediately contradicted through the use of contrasting imagery an evil beast. This leaves the reader in a state of ambivalence towards Heathenish as his potential for evil is omnipresent, even in times of weakness.